PASSIVE VOICE FOR ALL TENSES RULES
- The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.
- 3rd form of verb (past participle) will be used only (as main verb) in passive voice.
- Auxiliary verbs for each tense are given below in the table.
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Present Simple Tense (passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: am/is/are |
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| Active voice: He sings a song. He does not sing a song.Does he sing a song? |
Passive voice: A song is sung by him. A song is not sung by him. Is a song sung by him? |
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Present Continuous Tense (passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: am being/is being/are being |
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| Active voice: I am writing a letter I am not writing a letter. Am I writing a letter? |
Passive voice: A letter is being written by me. A letter is not being written by me. Is a letter being written by me? |
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Present Perfect Tense (passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: has been/have been |
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| Active voice: She has finished his work She has not finished her work. Has she finished her work? |
Passive voice: Her work has been finished by her. Her work has not been finished by her. Has her work been finished by her? |
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Past Simple Tense (passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: was/were |
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| Active voice: I killed a snake I did not kill a snake. Did I kill a snake? |
Passive voice: A snake was killed by me. A snake was not killed by me. Was a snake killed by me? |
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Past Continuous Tense (Passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: was being/were being |
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| Active voice: He was driving a car. He was not driving a car. Was he driving a car? |
Passive voice: A car was being driven by him. A car was not being driven by him. Was a car being driven by him? |
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Past Perfect Tense (Passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: had been |
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| Active voice: They had completed the assignment. They had not completed the assignment. Had they completed the assignment? |
Passive voice: The assignment had been completed by them. The assignment had not been complete by them. Had the assignment been completed by them? |
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Future Simple Tense (Passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: will be |
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| Active voice: She will buy a car. She will not buy a car. Will she buy a car? |
Passive voice: A car will be bought by her. A car will not be bought by her. Will a car be bought by her? |
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Future Perfect Tense (passive Voice)
Auxiliary verb in passive voice: will have been |
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| Active voice: You will have started the job. You will have not started the job. Will you have started the job? |
Passive voice: The job will have been started by you. The job will not have been started by you. Will the job have been started by you? |
Note: The following tenses cannot be changed into passive voice.
- Present perfect continuous tense
- Past perfect continuous tense
- Future continuous tense
- Future perfect continuous tense
- Sentence having Intransitive verbs
Fundamental Rules
- The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.
- 3rd form of verb (past participle) will be used only (as main verb) in passive voice.
- Auxiliary verbs for each tense are given below in the table.
Passive voice for Present/Future Modals
“CAN, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, MUST, OUGHT TO”
- The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.
- 3rd form of verb (past participle) will be used only (as main verb) in passive voice.
- To change sentences having present/future modal into passive voice, auxiliary verb “be” is added after modal in sentence.
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Passive voice for Present/Future Modals “CAN, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, MUST, OUGHT TO” Auxiliary verb in passive voice: be |
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| Active voice: CAN She can play a violin. She cannot play a violin. Can she play a violin? |
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| Active voice: MAY I may buy the computer. I may not buy the computer. May I buy the computer? |
Active voice: MAY BE The computer may be bought by me. The computer may not be bought by me. May the computer be bought by me? |
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| Active voice: MIGHT Guests might play chess. Guests might not play chess. |
Active voice: MIGHT BE Chess might be played by guests. Chess might not be played guests. |
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| Active voice: SHOULD Students should study all lessons. Students should not study all lessons. Should students study all lessons? |
Active voice: SHOULD BE All lessons should be studied by students. All lessons should not be studied by students. Should all lessons be studied by students? |
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| Active voice: MUST You must learn the test-taking strategies. You must not learn the test-taking strategies. |
Active voice: MUST BE Test-taking strategies must be learnt by you. Test-taking strategies must not be learned by you. |
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| Active voice: OUGHT TO They ought to take the examination. |
Active voice: OUGHT TO BE The examination ought to be taken by them. |
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Passive voice for Past Modals
“MAY HAVE, MIGHT HAVE, SHOULD HAVE, MUST HAVE, OUGHT TO HAVE”
- The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.
- 3rd form of verb (past participle) will be used only (as main verb) in passive voice.
- To change sentences having past modal into passive voice, auxiliary verb “been” is added after modal in sentence.
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Passive voice for Past Modals Auxiliary verb in passive voice: been |
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| Active voice: MAY HAVE You may have availed the opportunity. You may not have availed the opportunity. |
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| Active voice: MIGHT HAVE He might have eaten meal. He might not have eaten meal. |
Active voice: MIGHT HAVE BEEN Meal might have been eaten by him. Meal might not have been eaten by him. |
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| Active voice: SHOULD HAVE You should have studied the book. You should not have studied the book. |
Active voice: SHOULD HAVE BEEN The book should have been studied by you. The book should have not been studied by you. |
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| Active voice: MUST HAVE He must have started job. He must not have started job. |
Active voice: MUST HAVE BEEN Job must have been started by you. Job must not have been started by you. |
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| Active voice: OUGHT TO HAVE You ought to have helped him. |
Active voice: OUGHT TO HAVE BEEN He ought to have been helped by you |
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